Merging armies

I have played the game for a crazy amount of hours but still don't understand how it works.

Many times I move 2 groups of 4 or less units into the same square and they are automatically merged into one large army. At other times the end result willl be 2 separate armies on the same square. The latter also occasionaly happens when I board a ship, when I effectively get a boat and a swimming army. The last surely is a bug. I'm playing 1.12 Anthys (DLC) map on Insane difficulty.

So what is the logic? When will armies merge? When will they stay separate?

PS: Can we please have merge and split buttons in the Gui?

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I'm answering my own question here but it may be useful for others:

The default max army size at the beginning of the game is 4 units. With certain techs you can increase the max army size. I probably did not realize that I researched such a tech.

The swimming armies is just a very bad implementation of the max 4 units per square rule, so not necessarily a bug.

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My problem is how to reinforce the army when you get the particular techs e.g: when you get the next one after the initial, do you have to disband the troop with the lesser number and not being able to reinforce it to bring it to your current maximum number?

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