Can you also provide your debug.err file?  It would be in your "my games" folder similar to this:
"C:\Users\shaw\Documents\My Games\GalCiv4"

Sorry for the late reply! I just saw I had replies in my email today. 

I'm actually Faelad on Steam and came up with that temporary fix. I tried changing the resolution, but it wouldn't let me unless I wasn't in full screen, and my full screen resolution in parallels is 3840x2160. My current debug file wouldn't have anything from those crashes, however, I don't think. Although, I made a copy of the old files, so I can try to find a debug file in there and hope it has some of that crash data.

I am having the same problem. The game was working fine until 2.01

I went to the FAQ page here:

GC4 Game Loading Issues - Documentation - Stardock Help Center

And I tried the following:

Verifying Game Files (Steam)

Update Video Drivers (Nvidia) 

Reinstall VCRedist and DXSetup (Steam)

Renaming Stardock Local Files (Galciv4_old)

Check for Windows Updates 

Create New Windows Administrator Account

Virtual Memory (already on)

I don't overclock anything on my PC. 

I deleted and reinstalled the game twice. 

Still the same problem. 

Is there a bug in the update or is there something else I can try?

I am not seeing a debug.err file there. Maybe I messed something up. When I uninstalled the game I deleted that GalCiv4 folder to give fresh install. The only thing there now is a folder for Saves and MPSaves. Each one has a file "Steam_autocloud.vdf"

Is there something I can do to restore this file. I reinstalled the game and ran validate on the file. 

can you link the entire file, please?

I don't think I did it right. How can I share the file?

Okay, I do not have dropbox. I will look into it. 

Zookie -- 

We posted a possible fix for this. Could you try switching to the insider build (see instructions below), open your prefs.ini, and set "DisplayResolutionCheckEnabled" to 0. We want your feedback if this addresses your startup crash issue. 

https://forums.galciv4.com/524024/v21-insiders-build-only-changelog---galactic-civilizations-iv-supernova

I completly reinstalled with the new 2.1 patch.   The game is crashing before it generates a prefs.ini file so I tried setting my resolution in NVIDIA control to a couple other that I commonly use to see if the game would launch, but no success.  I tried manually creating a new prefs.ini file and just adding the one entry: 

"DisplayResolutionCheckEnabled"=0

not sure if the game can read a the prefs file with a single entry, but I gave it a shot and still get the same crash and error message.  Maybe you could link a clean prefs.ini file that I could download and try the fix?  

Still getting the same info dump in Windows Event Viewer (It always has Neutrino.dll.. maybe something that got changed in or pointing to that library since the last working version?) :

Fault bucket 1193983522124804913, type 4

Event Name: APPCRASH

Response: Not available

Cab Id: 0

Problem signature:

P1: GalCiv4.exe

P2: 2.1.0.0

P3: 6555155c

P4: Neutrino.dll

P5: 0.0.0.0

P6: 65242326

P7: c000001d

P8: 0000000000001026

P9: 

P10: 

Analysis symbol: 

Rechecking for solution: 0

Report Id: 7f0c577b-bc96-427d-a979-0432f02e2fcf

Report Status: 268435456

Hashed bucket: da12399c2d7959290091e1aff7eb3331

Cab Guid: 0

There was a DLL that got added to the game's requirements that wasn't compatible.  Should be good to go now.