I have just done a quick test.
Copied shipcomponentsdefs.xml to mod folder '....\Documents\My Games\GC3Crusade\Mods\ExampleMod\Game
Fired up the tech tree editor, set the mod path to point at '...\Documents\My Games\GC3Crusade\Mods\ExampleMod
Select View from drop down menu, unselect 'default tech trees only' this will load the mod file instead of default file.
Double clicked on 'Prototype Duranthium Driver' icon (pulse cannon tech) this opens up the relevant xml file (small bug - says its a core file, ignore)
Edited the Duranthium cost from 12 to 2 and edited the Kinetic attack to 40, saved and loaded game.
Changes are in working in game. Tool tips show new values etc.
If it still doesn't work ,remove all mods from crusade mods folder and base game mod folder.