The behavior for auto survey has evolved from GC2, it seems. First off, it doesn't seem like survey ships can magically see into the fog and find anomalies. I approve of this change, myself. Therefore, if there are no anomalies yet exposed, the survey ship seems to default to auto explore behavior. Also, the survey ships will avoid ship graveyards as long as there are safer anomalies to explore, regardless of whether the survey ship is well armed or well escorted. The ship will ignore nearby ship graveyards to accomplish this. If there are no safe anomalies exposed, the auto survey will then start investigating ship graveyards. Be careful about this if you have undefended auto survey ships. They will try attacking the pirates in a brave but foolish persistence. If you enter an area that has been explored by the AI for a while you will often find there is mostly nothing but ship graveyards left. The AI factions have been snatching up all the easy pickings.
As far as I can tell, the devs see this as sufficient auto survey behavior to eventually cover all anomalies. If you need something more efficient, you are going to have to drive your survey ships manually. I am not sure you are going to get more complex auto survey behavior any time soon. Therefore, I usually have a couple ships on auto survey and a couple I am driving about to catch the ship graveyards manually. I am very doubtful you will get awareness of how well armed or escorted the survey ship is. For one thing, that then brings up the subjective decision/analysis of how much is armed enough in any given situation, which is a lot to consider and process in what should be a simple, cheap explore-and-grab search algorithm.